拒绝观念 忠于感觉——马云画展印象
作者: 于坚  上传时间: 2011-12-6  来源: 本站  浏览 352 次  评论 0 条

  有一天马云打电话来,说是,安格尔有一次说,等他画完,时代已经过去了。

  这说的也是马云自己。与新潮比起来,马云的画很不时髦,他在普遍热衷标新立异、升级换代的时期追求古典精神。

  另一天我看到介绍莫奈,说是他的一幅睡莲上面,画一万多块笔触。一万多块,那需要多么疯狂而持久的想象力。马云亦步亦趋,老调重弹。对于马云来说,伦勃兰、巴尔蒂斯、贾克梅蒂、莫兰迪、弗洛伊德们永远不会过时,这是一种教养。马云心仪的是艺术的常识之路。在我们时代,常识就是真理。而自古,真理都是背时之路。

  当代艺术之大趋势是观念先。西方绘画到19世纪,开始突破古典主义统治。革命得有个强大的攻击对象,只有历史能够为人类一次次非历史的返魅冲动提供激情和动力。现代艺术基于对艺术的新认识,但不仅仅是观念的标新立异,现代艺术更深刻的是画法、技艺、艺术语言的革命。而其最有价值者,总是历史的、在时间中的,而不仅仅是空间的入侵。在杰出的艺术家那里,在艺术与人类的关系上,革命性并不大,无论毕加索还是伦勃朗,都与普遍人性为善。无论如何变形,画要更好看,要能够进入家园而不仅仅是博物馆。

  在中国,油画并非传统。二十世纪深受主义、观念先行的影响,艺术要么被视为意识形态的工具或者私人自我意识的工具。观念,无论主流的或者私人的,殊途同归,作品只是抵达观念的一具具梯子。如何画不重要,画什么非常重要,意义比语言更有市场。

  当代艺术如果不解释就无法入门,作品被理解不是作品本身,而是依赖于入场处的说明书。他人就是地狱。 而这一切的后面那只看不见的手早已不是神灵,而是市场。艺术家考虑是否有市场已经超过了艺术本身,艺术是次要的。最近十年的艺术家先富起来运动,使当代艺术彻底完成了当代艺术的祛魅化。艺术不再是经验的和具有魅力的了,艺术越来越聪明 ,它的技巧之在于维持住现代主义的意义困惑,使艺术股票市场高深莫测、扑朔迷离,莫衷一是,以便急就的三流作品在货币之间浑水摸鱼。

  马云慢慢地画,与时代潮流背道而驰,他迷信艺术的魅力。这是老调重弹,这个老调没有人弹了,他就成了另类。马云的作品在今天的画廊中,与周边对比,就像惊世骇俗的先锋派。当一个时代普遍维新是从,老调重谈者就是前卫。

  马云的作品鹤立鸡群,令人刮目相看。仿佛在一排排卷帘门和塑料桶之间忽然闪现故乡夏日幽暗的花园。他保持了失落已久的记忆,他赞美那些古老的色彩和另我们感动的事物。哦,绘画曾经是与我们那么亲近的世界。

  马云的画不需要解释,看就是了。很好看,耐看。它们植根于人类的基本经验而不是奇思异想。马云热爱生活,因此令他感觉好的东西总是来自日常世界,这使马云的作品有一种普遍性,说得通俗些就是喜闻乐见。

  马云依然迷信感觉,拒绝观念。他琢磨的是如何画。

  如果琢磨了三十年以上,那么我们可以来谈谈他的画了。

  他的作品的主题是色彩和边界。色彩就像一个魅力无穷的妇人,对马云来说总是风情万种。画什么只是对感觉的祭祀,并不在乎那有什么意义。

  他试图打破事物的经验之边,在诗意的感受中重新摆布世界的边界。这种摆布不是摧毁而是道法自然。

  马云的内在感受是中国式的,感受性的、模糊、缺乏逻辑、诗意的。他不批判现实,他唱的是日常生活世界的赞美诗。

  在色彩和造形中舞蹈,超越形色的意义、观念、价值、秩序、习性,凭感觉自由组合,创造出超越现实的梦幻感,又不脱离普遍之象。

  好看,大约是马云对作品的唯一要求。这种好看,是时间性的,历史化的。在马云的作品中你可以看到时间线索,比如早年对怀斯诗意的迷恋,巴尔蒂斯的影响以及佛教艺术、国画的滋润等等。马云并不忌讳时间,他不想在空间上横空出世,艺术是一部历史,而不是宇宙飞船。三年前有一个辉煌时期。《梅花、黑鸟、女人》那个系列,肉感而飘逸,马云善于将极端的感受置于同一画面中,不在乎形与形之间的自然关系,在事物之间创造新的关系,新的边界,但因为这种边界起源于至善的愿望,因此不突兀、不抢眼,不哗众取宠,仿佛世界本来如此。日日新,所谓新只新在再次抵达古老的美。这批画大部分已经散落民间,人们私下收藏马云的画,他们似乎还有些不好意思,这些画不时髦,在观念上很陈旧,不必解释,花鸟虫鱼、美女假山,但感觉很强烈。收藏马云需要不俗的鉴赏力。马云跟着感觉走,因此很难在风格上定位,用一个符号来定位马云是困难的,他表达多种感受,他是一位诗人。

  最近的杰作是《立在灰色石上的狗》。那只狗好像正在从现实中出来,即将抵达它的形而上。一只狗在超越自身的途中。马云一直在现实与非理性的边界上犹豫,他不确定。这正是他的魅力所在。

  马云在这个时代很难出名,他的野心比这个时代更大,他在等待着那些摇旗呐喊的云过去。
                                      
                                                          2011年10月17日星期一
                                                                     在法兰克福

 

The Rejection of Concepts and Faith in Perception
Impressions on Ma Yun’s Painting Exhibition
Yu Jian

  Ma Yun called me one day, talking about how Ingres had said that by the time he’d finished painting, the era had already passed.

  This was about Ma Yun himself. Compared to the art of the New Wave, Ma Yun’s paintings are not very fashionable. In a time when everyone was chasing the new and unconventional, Ma Yun was pursuing the classical spirit.

  On another day I saw an introduction to Monet, talking about one of his water lily paintings which contained over ten thousand brushstrokes. Ten thousand brushstrokes. That takes a lot of fervor and persistent imagination. Ma Yun slavishly imitates that, restoring the tune of days long past. For Ma Yun, the likes of Rembrandt, Balthus, Giacometti, Morandi and Freud will never be outdated. That’s cultivation. What Ma Yun admires most is the path of artistic common knowledge. In our era, common knowledge is truth. Since ancient times, truth has always been the path that turns its back on the times.

  The overarching trend of contemporary art is the primacy of concepts. In the 19th century, western painting began to break through the hegemony of classicalism. A revolution requires a powerful target. Only history can provide passion and momentum for mankind’s many non-historic impulses for reenchantment. Modern art is rooted in a new understanding of art, but it is not just about the establishment of novel concepts. More profound are its revolutions in painting methods, techniques and artistic language. That which is most valuable is always historic, rooted in time. It is not merely a spatial invasion. Great artists are not very revolutionary when it comes to the relationship between art and mankind. Whether it is Picasso or Rembrandt, they were all good at universal human nature. No matter how warped, the image had to look better. It had to be able to enter homes and not just museums.

  Oil painting is not a Chinese tradition. Deeply influenced by isms and concepts, art in the twentieth century here was seen either as a tool of ideology or as a tool of private self-awareness. Concepts, be they mainstream or private, are merely different paths to the same end; artworks are merely ladders reaching towards concepts. How to paint is not important. What you paint is very important. Meaning has more of a market than language.

  Contemporary art cannot gain entry without an explanation. The understanding of a work of art is not through the artwork itself, but through the introduction at the entrance. Hell is other people. Behind all of this, the invisible hand is no longer some spirit; it’s the market. Artists’ consideration of the market has surpassed that of art itself. Art is secondary. The movement of artists to get rich first over the past decade has effected the total disenchantment of contemporary art. Art is no longer experiential and enchanting. Art is growing smarter and smarter, and the trick is in maintaining the modernist predicament, making the art stock market profound and unknowable, leaving rushed third-rate artworks in a bad state among currencies.

  Ma Yun paints slowly, turning his back on the times. He is obsessed with the enchantment of art. This is playing the old tune. No one plays that tune anymore, making him an oddity. In the galleries of today, when compared to everything around it, Ma Yun’s art looks like some sort of earth-shaking avant-garde. When an era is overrun by the search for the new, the old tune becomes the vanguard.
Ma Yun’s work stands out in the crowd, commanding respect. It’s as if among row upon row of curtained doors and plastic barrels there flashed a murky view of a hometown garden in the summer sun. He has retained long lost memories, and sings the praises of those ancient colors and the things that move us. After all this time, it turns out that painting was once a world so close to our own.

  Ma Yun’s paintings need no explanation. All you have to do is look at them. They look wonderful, and hold up over time. They are rooted in the fundamental experiences of mankind rather than fantastical ideas. Ma Yun loves life with a passion, so the things that he likes always come from the everyday world. This lends his work an air of universality, or more simply put, makes them pleasing to behold.

  Ma Yun is still obsessed with feeling and refuses concepts. What he ponders is how to paint.

  Once he’s been pondering for over thirty years, we can start talking about his paintings.

  Color and boundaries are the themes of his work. Color is an infinitely alluring woman, one which Ma Yun is completely infatuated with. His choice of what to paint is merely an offering to feeling; he doesn’t care about what it means.
He tries to shatter the boundaries of the experience of things, rearranging the boundaries of the world within poetic perception. This rearrangement is not destruction but a part of nature.

  Ma Yun’s internal perceptions are Chinese. They are perceptive, indistinct, illogical and poetic. He does not criticize reality. He sings the praises of the world of everyday life.

  Dancing between color and form, it transcends the meaning of appearance, conception, value, order and habit, freely forming arrangements through feeling, creating a sense of fantasy that transcends reality yet does not depart from universal form.

  Look good. It seems that this is all that Ma Yun asks of his artworks. This ‘looking good’ is temporal and historical. In Ma Yun’s artworks you can see a temporal thread, for instance, in his obsession with Wyeth’s poeticism, the influence of Balthus and the nourishment he drew from Buddhist art and Chinese painting in his early period. Ma Yun is not averse to time. He does not wish to burst out across space. Art is a history, not a cosmic ark. There was a period of splendor three years ago, with the Plum Blossom, Black Bird, Woman series, voluptuous and elegant. Ma Yun is skilled at placing extreme perceptions into a single picture, unconcerned about the natural relationships between forms, creating new relationships between things, new boundaries, but since these boundaries are not rooted in a pursuit of perfection, they do not stand out, do not capture the gaze. It is as if the world was always like this. Each day is new, but only in that it once again arrives at ancient beauty. This batch of paintings has already scattered into the four winds, ending up in private collections. The collectors seem almost embarrassed, as these paintings are not fashionable, as they present aged concepts, and do not require explanation – flora and fauna, beautiful women and scholar’s rocks – but they have a strong feel to them. To collect Ma Yun’s paintings you need sophisticated appreciative abilities. Ma Yun follows his feelings, so it is difficult to define him in terms of style or with an icon. He expresses many kinds of perceptions. He is a poet.

  His latest masterpiece is Dog Standing on a Grey Stone. That dog appears to be jumping out of reality and about to land in the metaphysical. It is a dog on the path to transcending itself. Ma Yun has always straddled the border between reality and irrationality, uncertain. This is where his charm lies.

  Ma Yun will be hard pressed to become famous in this day and age. His ambitions outstrip this era. He is waiting for those cheering clouds to pass.
                                      
                                   
               Monday, October 17, 2011
                     Frankfurt

编辑:【travelsky】